Table of Contents
Key Takeaways
- The GRE Test Quantitative Reasoning section covers four main areas: arithmetic, algebra, geometry, and data analysis.
-You will face a mix of multiple-choice, numeric entry, and quantitative comparison questions, all designed to test your mathematical reasoning skills.
-The section consists of two 35-minute parts, each with 20 questions, making time management a critical skill.
-Preparation Tips: Consistent practice, using official GRE materials, and timed practice tests are essential for improving your speed and accuracy in this section.
The GRE Test Quantitative Reasoning section is a critical part of the GRE exam, designed to assess your ability to interpret and analyze quantitative information. Whether you're solving arithmetic problems, working with algebraic equations, or interpreting data from charts and graphs, this section plays a key role in demonstrating your problem-solving skills. A strong performance in the quantitative section is essential for students aiming for top graduate programs, especially those with a focus on STEM or business. By understanding the structure, topics, and preparation strategies for GRE Quantitative Reasoning, you can maximize your score and improve your chances of admission to your dream program.
GRE Quantitative Syllabus and Topics
The GRE quantitative syllabus is divided into four main areas and several sub-components. Let us go over each of these areas in detail so that you may comprehend the GRE quantitative syllabus:
The GRE quantitative reasoning syllabus revolves around four primary topics:
1. GRE Arithmetic
The GRE Arithmetic section tests your understanding of basic math concepts, which you likely learned in school. Here's what to expect:
- Properties and types of integers: divisibility, prime numbers, odd/even numbers, remainders, and factorization.
- Arithmetic operations, exponents, and roots.
- Concepts like estimation, percentages, ratios, rates, absolute values, number lines, decimals, and sequences of numbers.
Sample Question: A car travels 36 kilometers per hour and uses 36 miles per gallon of diesel. If the journey lasts 4 hours, how much diesel (in liters) does the car use? (Tip: 1 mile = 1.6 kilometers, and 1 gallon = 4 liters).
2. GRE Algebra
In the GRE Algebra section, you’ll need to work with equations and variables. Here’s a breakdown of the key topics:
- Operations with exponents.
- Factoring and simplifying algebraic expressions.
- Relations, functions, equations, and inequalities.
- Solving both linear and quadratic equations.
- Working with simultaneous equations.
- Setting up equations to solve word problems.
- Graphing functions and understanding slopes in coordinate geometry.
Examples of Algebraic Expressions:
- 2x
- y - ¼
- w³z + 5z² - z² + 6
- 8/(n + p)
For tricky algebra problems, the Official GRE Quantitative Reasoning Practice Questions, Second Edition, Volume 1 is a great resource. It includes challenging questions along with clear explanations.
Sample Question: If x + y = 9 and x² + y² = 53, where x > y, what is the value of (x - y)?
3. GRE Geometry
Geometry questions in the GRE require a bit more visual reasoning compared to other sections. These account for around 15% of the Quantitative Reasoning section, and most of the time, you’ll encounter questions about circles and polygons.
Key Topics Include:
- Parallel and perpendicular lines.
- Circles, triangles (especially isosceles, equilateral, and 30-60-90 triangles), and quadrilaterals.
- Other polygons.
- Congruent and similar figures.
- Three-dimensional shapes.
- Area, perimeter, volume, and the Pythagorean theorem.
- Angle measurements in degrees.
However, constructing proofs or dealing with inferential statistics is not tested.
Sample Question: In the figure below, square ABCD is inscribed in a circle. If the length of arc AB is 4π units, what is the diameter of the circle?
4. GRE Data Analysis
The GRE Data Analysis section often includes questions based on tables or graphs. You’ll need to interpret data and answer related questions. For instance, a typical question might ask you to calculate angles on a pie chart based on given data.
Topics Covered Include:
- Basic descriptive statistics: mean, median, mode, range, standard deviation, and percentiles.
- Interpretation of data from tables and graphs like bar charts, line graphs, pie charts, box plots, and scatterplots.
- Elementary probability: compound events, independent events, conditional probability, and probability distributions.
- Counting methods: combinations, permutations, and Venn diagrams.
Most of these topics are things you likely learned in high school algebra or an introductory statistics course.
Sample Question: The chart below shows the percent distribution of candidates enrolled in a test-prep company between 2014 and 2017 for four courses: GMAT, GRE, SAT, and LSAT. How would you interpret the trends in enrollment?
GRE Quantitative Exam Pattern
The GRE test quantitative reasoning section is divided into two 35-minute sections, each containing 20 questions. Below is a breakdown of the exam format:
Section | Number of Questions | Time Allocated |
---|---|---|
Quantitative Reasoning (1) | 20 Questions | 35 Minutes |
Quantitative Reasoning (2) | 20 Questions | 35 Minutes |
GRE Quantitative Sample Questions
Below are examples of question types you’ll encounter in the exam:
- Arithmetic Example: If the price of a product increases by 20% and then decreases by 10%, what is the overall percentage change in the price?
- Algebra Example: Solve for x in the equation: 2x + 5 = 15.
- Geometry Example: A circle has a radius of 5. What is the area of the circle?
- Data Analysis Example: Based on the chart provided, calculate the median income for a given population.
Use of a Calculator
The GRE test quantitative reasoning section provides an on-screen calculator. While it may seem advantageous, it is crucial to use it wisely. The calculator should be used for more complex calculations, such as multiplying large numbers or calculating square roots, rather than simple arithmetic operations. Over-reliance on the calculator can slow down your progress.
Here are some tips for effective calculator usage:
- Understand when to use it versus solving mentally.
- Double-check inputs, as a single mistake can lead to incorrect answers.
- Familiarize yourself with the on-screen calculator functions prior to test day.
How to Prepare for the GRE Quantitative?
Success in the GRE test quantitative reasoning section comes down to preparation. Here’s a step-by-step strategy to help you score higher:
- Understand the Syllabus: Review the official GRE Quant syllabus and identify your strengths and weaknesses.
- Practice Daily: Dedicate 1-2 hours a day solving quantitative questions from GRE practice books or online resources.
- Use Official Practice Tests: Take full-length practice tests to simulate the real exam experience.
- Time Management: Take timed quizzes to improve your speed while maintaining accuracy.
- Seek Help: If needed, enroll in a GRE prep course like MentR Me.
Conclusion
Mastering the GRE Test Quantitative Reasoning section is key to achieving a competitive score on the GRE. By focusing on the core areas of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, and data analysis, you’ll be better equipped to handle the wide range of questions that test both your mathematical knowledge and your critical thinking skills. The good news is, with consistent practice and a well-structured study plan, tackling these topics becomes much more manageable.